The Turkish government has introduced significant updates aimed at combating disinformation. With the enactment of Law No. 7418—published on October 18, 2022, in the Official Gazette—these amendments expand the scope of the Press Law and introduce robust regulations for online news platforms, press cards, and social media providers. Let’s break down the most critical aspects of these changes and their impact.
Key Highlights of the Amendments in Disinformation Laws in Turkey
The Law on the Amendment of Press Law and Other Laws includes sweeping reforms covering online news platforms, media responsibilities, and penalties for disinformation. Here's a detailed look:
Expanded Scope of the Press Law
The amendments bring online news platforms under the umbrella of the Press Law, ensuring stricter compliance and accountability.
Online news sites are now defined as “periodical publications” and must adhere to strict operational guidelines.
Obligations for news platforms include:
Creating a dedicated contact page with essential details such as trade name, email, and physical address.
Publishing timestamps for each article and update, which cannot be altered or deleted.
Preserving published content for at least two years for potential judicial review.
Updated Regulations for Press Cards
The new regulations address the issuance, revocation, and qualifications for press cards:
Five Types of Press Cards:
Task-related, periodic, temporary, freelance, and permanent.
Applications will be reviewed by the Press Cards Commission, ensuring compliance with age, education, and criminal record requirements.
Grounds for revocation include loss of qualifications or violations of press ethics.
Disinformation Crime Defined
The amendments introduce a new “Disinformation Crime” under the Turkish Penal Code:
Publicly spreading false information that disrupts national security, public order, or health can result in 1–3 years of imprisonment.
If committed anonymously or as part of an organized effort, penalties may increase by 50%.
New Obligations for Online Platforms
In a bid to regulate digital content, online platforms now face tighter controls:
Rules for Online News Sites
Legal declarations for operating an online news site must be accurate.
Violations could result in:
Prosecutor-led requests for corrections within two weeks.
Revocation of press cards and advertisement rights upon failure to comply.
Responsibilities for Social Media Providers
Social media platforms are also affected by these amendments. They must:
Treat all users equally and impartially.
Provide detailed reports on their algorithms, advertising, and data use.
Ensure mechanisms for protecting children through differentiated services.
Penalties for non-compliance include:
Fines up to 100,000 Turkish Liras.
Advertising bans lasting up to six months.
Restrictions on internet traffic capacity.
Implications for the Media and Public
The Amendments in Disinformation Laws in Turkey aim to strengthen accountability in media and online platforms. However, critics raise concerns about potential overreach and its implications for press freedom.
Compliance Timeline
Online news sites operating before the law must meet compliance requirements by January 18, 2023.
Need Expert Legal Advice on Media Law in Turkey?
Need legal guidance on media laws in Turkey? Kurucuk & Associates, a leading media law firm in Istanbul, specializes in press regulations, disinformation laws, and digital compliance. Connect with top Turkish media lawyers today for expert advice tailored to your needs.